<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr"><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline">The Center for Philosophy of Science invites you to join us for our Lunch Time Talks.  Attend in person, Room 1117 on the 11th floor of the Cathedral of Learning at the University of Pittsburgh or visit our live stream on YouTube at </span><span style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline;color:blue"><u><a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCrRp47ZMXD7NXO3a9Gyh2sg" id="m_4393302280355388484gmail-OWA5aa3cc70-5f36-2d77-0553-385c78dc6aa9" title="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCrRp47ZMXD7NXO3a9Gyh2sg" style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline;color:blue" target="_blank">https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCrRp47ZMXD7NXO3a9Gyh2sg</a></u></span><span style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline">.    </span></p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline"> </span></p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline"> </span></p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline"><b>LTT: </b></span><span style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:14pt;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;font-size-adjust:inherit;font-kerning:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline;color:blue"><b>Mike Dietrich</b></span></p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline"> </span></p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline">Tuesday, </span>October 29th<span style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline"> @ 12:00 pm - 1:30 pm E</span>DT</p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline"><b> </b></span></p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;line-height:1.2;margin:0px 0px 0.75em;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:bolder;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;font-size-adjust:inherit;font-kerning:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline">Title: </span><span style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline">Does species diversity matter for biological research?</span></p><div style="border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-variant-alternates:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:12pt;line-height:inherit;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif;font-size-adjust:inherit;font-kerning:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline;color:black"><span style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:bolder;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;font-size-adjust:inherit;font-kerning:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline;color:inherit">Abstract:</span></div><div style="border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-variant-alternates:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:12pt;line-height:inherit;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif;font-size-adjust:inherit;font-kerning:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline;color:black">Most biologists will admit that their choice of research organism has important consequences for their work and their findings.  Should we be concerned then if the range of organisms used in research is narrowing?  From 1970 to 2015 most of the fields in modern biology have shown a decline in the number of species that they consider in their research.  In this paper, we consider both how to characterize this decline and how to explain it.  We propose that three factors are contributing to these trends in organism use and changes in research biodiversity: preferences for model organism use in biological research, preferences for human-based research with medical translations, and preferences for single species research over comparative research.</div><div style="border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-variant-alternates:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:12pt;line-height:inherit;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif;font-size-adjust:inherit;font-kerning:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;margin:0in;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline;color:black"><br></div><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"> </p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><b>Can’t make it in-person? This talk will available online through the following:</b></p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline"> </span></p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif">Zoom:  <span style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline"><a href="https://pitt.zoom.us/j/96053378053" id="m_4393302280355388484gmail-LPlnk189743" style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline" target="_blank">https://pitt.zoom.us/j/96053378053</a></span></p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:11pt;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;font-size-adjust:inherit;font-kerning:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline;color:inherit"> </span></p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><br></p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><br></p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:medium;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:12pt;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;font-size-adjust:inherit;font-kerning:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline"><b>LTT: </b></span><span style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:14pt;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;font-size-adjust:inherit;font-kerning:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline"><b>Aliya Dewey</b></span></p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline"> </span></p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline">Friday, November 1st @ 12:00 pm - 1:30 pm E</span>DT</p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline"><b> </b></span></p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;line-height:1.2;margin:0px 0px 0.75em;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline"><b>Title: Design explanation in behavioural neuroscience</b></span></p><div style="border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-variant-alternates:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:12pt;line-height:inherit;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif;font-size-adjust:inherit;font-kerning:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline;color:black"><span style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:bolder;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;font-size-adjust:inherit;font-kerning:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline;color:inherit">Abstract:</span><b> </b>Explanation in behavioural neuroscience is often thought to be mechanistic—to explain stimulus-response pairs by describing a mechanism (working parts “causally between” stimuli and responses). I suggest that behavioural neuroscientists in fact want a richer form of explanation—one that explains task-performance pairs by describing some kind of correspondence between the mechanism and the structure required to perform the task. In other words, they want an explanation for how a mechanism realises competent task performance as such. Using a detailed case study of sound localisation in the barn owl (<i>Tyto alba</i>), I argue that this form of explanation—which I call “design explanation”—integrates mechanistic, minimal model, and constraint-based forms of explanation.</div><div style="border:0px;font-variant-numeric:inherit;font-variant-east-asian:inherit;font-variant-alternates:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:12pt;line-height:inherit;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif;font-size-adjust:inherit;font-kerning:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;margin:0in;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline;color:black"><b><br></b></div><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><b> </b></p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><b>Can’t make it in-person? This talk will available online through the following:</b></p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline"> </span></p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif">Zoom:  <span style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline"><a href="https://pitt.zoom.us/j/92798130196" id="m_4393302280355388484gmail-LPlnk376422" style="border:0px;font:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline" target="_blank">https://pitt.zoom.us/j/92798130196</a></span></p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><span style="border:0px;font-style:inherit;font-variant:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-stretch:inherit;font-size:11pt;line-height:inherit;font-family:inherit;font-size-adjust:inherit;font-kerning:inherit;font-feature-settings:inherit;margin:0px;padding:0px;vertical-align:baseline;color:inherit"> </span></p><p style="color:rgb(0,0,0);font-size:12pt;margin:0in;font-family:Aptos,sans-serif"><br></p></div>
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